FOOD WASTE & FOOD LOSS
FOOD WASTE
Any solid or liquid food substance, raw or cooked, which is discarded, or intended or required to be discarded. Food waste includes the organic residues (such as carrot or potato peels) generated by the processing, handling, storage, sale, preparation, cooking, and serving of food.
• Discarded (mass)
• Fit for human consumption (from primary production to fork)
• Results from negligence or conscious decision
FOOD LOSS
Food losses refer to the decrease in edible food mass throughout the different segments of the food supply chains – production, postharvest handling, agro-processing, distribution (wholesale and retail), consumption.
• Spilled, spoilt, lost (mass)
• Incurs reduction in quality (e.g. macro- & micronutrients)
• Unintended result of processes or institutional/legal framework
TYPE OF FOOD WASTE & LOSS
Five system boundaries were distinguished in the food supply chains (FSC) of vegetable and animal commodities. Food loss/ waste were estimated for each of these segments of the FSC. The following aspects were considered:
VEGETABLE COMMODITIES AND PRODUCTS
ANIMAL COMMODITIES AND PRODUCTS
AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTION
POST-HARVEST HANDLING AND STORAGE
PROCESSING
DISTRIBUTION
CONSUMPTION
Losses due to mechanical damage and/or spillage during harvest operation (e.g. threshing or fruit picking)
Animal death during breeding, discards during fishing, decreasing milk production due to dairy cow sickness (mastitis)
Including losses due to degradation storage and transportation between farm and distribution
For bovine, pork and poultry meat, fish and milk losses refer to degradation during transportation between farm and distribution
Including losses due to spillage and degradation during industrial or domestic processing, e.g. canning and bread baking
Including losses due to degradation storage and transportation between farm and distribution
Including losses and waste in the market system, at e.g. wholesale markets, supermarkets, retailers
and wet markets
Includes losses and waste in the market system, at e.g. wholesale markets, supermarkets, retailers
and wet markets
Including losses and waste during consumption at the household level
Includes losses and waste at the household level